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This site is dedicated to providing information, analysis and forecasts of the economy of the euro zone (or euro area). Currently the euro zone comprises 17 of the 27 member countries of the European Union (EU). It uses the euro (EUR) as its currency. Monetary policy is conducted by the European Central Bank (ECB) from its headquarters in Frankfurt, Germany.

The site is intended for those following economic developments in Europe for investment or other purposes.

The emphasis is on macroeconomic variables such as GDP, inflation, money supply, etc. In the first instance, by providing fully up-to-date statistics, the site aims to indicates where the economy of the euro zone finds itself currently. The implications of the latest macroeconomic statistics are briefly commented upon. Consensus forecasts and Euroeconomics' own forecasts for the major economic and financial variables follow. Special attention is currently given to the sovereign debt crisis.
 


 
IN THIS SECTION:
 
Latest indicators: published or about to be published
Review of last week
Summary of recent trends: growth, inflation, finance, markets
 
                                  

 

Sovereign debt crisis 
Prospective new members
Consensus and Euroeconomics forecasts: GDP, inflation,
                                                               financial variables
 

 


 

LATEST: euro zone statistical releases & surveys

27 Jan: The money supply shrunk in Dec'11 for the third month running, reducing the y/y rise to 1.6%, down from a peak of 2.9% in year to Sep'11. Loans by banks to the private sector declined by EUR76bn in Dec'11 (chart below). Soon more at money

25 Jan: The German business climate improved again in Jan'12 as expectations of future business conditions rose. Current business conditions eased a fraction, but remain at a high level . As this is the third successive rise, the earlier downtrend may have ended. More at surveys

24 Jan: The flash Purchasing Managers' surveys for Jan'12 indicate that the recession in the euro zone became more shallow  (chart below). Activity in the services sector was marginally up on Dec'11. In manufacturing the decline eased. The composite output index rose to a 5-mnth high, though indicating only marginal growth. The euro zone economy remains deeply divided. Growth came from Germany and, to a lesser extent, from France. Elsewhere output is still shrinking. The forward looking indicators were weak. More at surveys

24 Jan: Industrial new orders declined by 1% in Nov'11 and were 3% lower than a year ago. Recent results point to some stabilisation at a low level. The business surveys for Dec'11-Jan'12 suggest that orders remained at a lowish level. More at growth

Week 4:  first surveys for Jan'12 mildly positive
23 Jan to 27 Jan

Week 4 started on a solid note with stock markets strengthening, safe haven bonds weakening. Optimism faded somewhat towards week end. But EUR remained above USD1.30, supported by renewed easing by Federal Reserve. The bond yield spread of Italy and Spain eased markedly. See debt

The week's business news is dominated by the first business surveys for Jan'12. Results so far are mildly positive. The recession in the euro zone appears to be flattening out. But the money supply and bank lending shrunk at the end of last year.

The IMF published on Tue its revised global economic forecasts. GDP growth in the euro zone was revised down to -0.5% for 2012 (from 1.1%) and to 0.8% for 2013 (from 1.5%).

FORTHCOMING euro zone statistics and surveys: week 5:

Mon  30 Jan:  European Commission business & consumer survey for Jan'12
                      previous
Tue  31 Jan:
  Unemployment for Dec'11 previous

Wed  1  Feb:  Flash inflation rate for Jan'11 previous
                      Purchasing Managers' manufacturing survey for Jan'12 previous
                      Bank lending survey Jan'12 round previous
Thu   2  Feb:  Industrial producer prices for Dec'11 previous
Fri     3  Feb:  Retail trade for Dec'11 previous
                      Purchasing Managers' services survey for Jan'12 previous
 

 

 

The week that was:   modest expectations exceeded
16 Jan to 20 Jan

Week 2 ended with credit rating downgrades for France and eight other euro zone countries and unresolved negotiations to restructure Greek debt. This made for an unpromising start to week 3.

Yet stock markets shot up, EUR recovered lost ground and most yield spreads narrowed after successful bond auctions by France and Spain (see debt). Global growth prospects are seen to improve.
 




No major statistics were published last week. The annual inflation rate for Dec'11 was, at 2.7%, modestly below the flash result published earlier.

German government cut its 2012 GDP growth forecast to 0.7% (from 1.0%).


For consensus and Euroeconomics forecasts for 2012-13 see below.

 


SUMMARY  OF  RECENT  TRENDS
updated 18 Jan'12

 


Surveys:
  for full coverage of all euro zone surveys see
                 
 
surveys

According to latest surveys:

  • growth in Germany easing from robust rate, expectations improve

  • growth in rest of core-Europe weakens

  • recession in periphery deepens

  • the plunge in consumer confidence is flattening out

See detailed surveys:

Purchasing Managers' surveys     Ifo survey of German economy  
National Bank of Belgium           European Commission survey  
Consumer survey

 



Growth:  for full coverage of all euro zone growth statistics see
                
growth

According to latest growth statistics:

  • industrial production again inched lower in Nov'11

  • construction output remains deeply depressed

  • unemployment rising

  • retail sales plunged in Nov'11

  • exports bounced back in Nov'11 from steep fall in Sep-Oct'11

See detailed growth statistics: 
 
Gross Domestic Product                Industrial Production
Construction                                  Retail sales
Unemployment                               External trade
Forecasts

 for 2011-12 GDP growth forecasts see below.



Inflation:  for full coverage of euro zone inflation statistics see
                 
 
inflation

According to latest inflation statistics:

  • consumer price increases easing but remain above target

  • producer prices still rising, pushed up by oil prices

  • commodity prices stabilising at lower level

  • unit labour costs increases accelerating

See detailed inflation statistics:
 
Consumer prices            Producer prices         PMI survey of prices
Commodity prices          Oil price                    Labour costs
Forecasts

  for 2011-12 inflation forecasts see below.



Finance:  for full coverage of all euro zone financial indicators see
                 
 money

Latest financial statistics:

  • Major boost to bank liquidity on strong uptake of ECB's 3-yr loans

  • ECB balance sheet shot up after loans, in slight retreat since

  • Money supply M3 shrank in Oct-Dec'11

  • EURIBOR easing to 1.2%

  • bank lending slumped in Dec'11, lending standards tightened further

See detailed financial statistics:
 
ECB monetary stance          Balance sheet      Key interest rates
Money supply                      Bank lending        Bank lending rates
 

For money market rate forecasts for 2011-12 see below.



Financial markets:
 for brief coverage of latest trends in markets
                                     of 10-yr Bunds, euro stocks and EUR/USD
                                     exchange rate see
 financial
markets.
  • euro zone stock markets up on rising US, China growth indicators
  • EUR recovers some lost ground
  • Demand for German bonds ease

See detail:

German Bunds              Euro Stock market             EUR/USD rate

Long term trends:  10 yr Bunds 
                            Exchange rate
                            Exchange rate policy


 
For forecasts for 2011-12 see below.


Sovereign debt crisis:  for full coverage of budgets, debt, bailout
                                            funds and fiscal policy see
debt

 

  • Fiscal compact intended to prevent future debt crises
  • EMS start advanced to Jul'12, no PSI
  • More austerity in Italy, Ireland, Greece, Spain
  • No structural reforms yet in Portugal

 

For full coverage of  euro zone institutions and their shortcomings see constitution


New members euro adoption prospects: first new member unlikely before 2014

Doubts about the benefits of euro adoption have multiplied among candidate countries and polls indicate a major loss of confidence in the euro. Also, after joining contributions to bailout funds for countries in financial difficulties would be required and would be resented (particularly from a poorer country to a richer country). The greater monitoring of member countries budgets and economic policies now undertaken may discourage the more independent minded countries from joining in the foreseeable future. Euro adoption (obligatory but timeless) is being delayed by several years in a number of countries.

The table below indicates the earliest possible year in which non member countries may adopt the euro. In view of recent developments entry dates may be pushed back by a number of years. Entry usually takes place at start of year. (more at members)

Many commentators, mostly in the UK and the US, believe that membership of the euro zone is more likely to shrink than expand. (more at constitution)

 

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Slovakia joined
1 Jan'09
  Estonia joined
1 Jan'11
    Latvia
Lithuania
Denmark
Poland
Bulgaria
 
Czech Republic
Romania
Sweden
 
16 members
population 330mn
  17 members
population 331mn
    20 members
population 343mn
22 members
population 390mn
  25 members
population 420mn
Subject to change. For current observance of convergence requirements see members.

F O R E C A S T S
updated 13 Jan'12

 

FORECAST   SUMMARY
 

 

2010 actual

2011 2012

2013

 

% change y/y

GDP                        official consensus

1.8

1.6

0.1 1.3
                               private sector consensus   1.6 -0.3 1.0
                               Euroeconomics   1.7 0.2 2.7
-
Inflation              official consensus 1.6 2.6 1.7 1.4
                             private sector consensus   2.7 1.8 1.7
                             Euroeconomics    2.7 2.5 2.4
                            
Financial variables:    Euroeconomics forecasts latest: average of week 2 mid-2012 end-2012
                           ECB main refinance rate        %

1.0

0.75 1.0
                           10-year German Bund yield                   % 1.83 2.1 to 2.6 3.2 to 3.8
                           DJ EURO STOXX 50 index         Jan'94=100 2331 2300 to 2600 3200 to 3500
                           EUR/USD exchange rate

1.2753

1.25 to 1.35 1.40 to 1.50
                           Commodity prices in EUR   Index 2000=100 179.6 180 to 200 200 to 230
-
Private sector consensus forecast Jan'12 (Dec'11)

rate/value on survey date
9 Jan'12

mid-2012 end-2012
                           3-month EURIBOR                                % 1.28 (1.43) 0.95 (0.99) 0.89 (1.05)
                          10-year German Bund yield                     % 1.85 (2.03) 2.04 (2.08) 2.35 (2.41)
                          EUR/USD exchange rate

1.277 (1.274)

n.a. 1.297 (1.304)
-
Private sector consensus forecasts from MJEconomics (values in brackets from previous month's survey)
For private sector consensus forecasts of all euro zone economic and financial variables see 
MJEconomics

For more detail on forecasts see:

GDP growth Inflation Money market Bund yields Stock market Commodity prices EUR/USD rate

 


 


ABOUT EUROECONOMICS


Euroeconomics was formed in London, UK, in 1987 by Krafft Holtz (German national). Since 2000 it has operated out of offices in Cheney Longville in the county of Shropshire, England.

Most of the work of Euroeconomics has been directed at the European economy and, since 1999, at the euro zone. Its client base has mainly been major European banks, particularly Swiss and Liechtenstein banks. It has also written reports on a variety of other economic topics.

Before founding Euroeconomics Krafft Holtz was for eight years General Motors’ Director for European Economics,
                                                       based in London. He started his economics career in Paris, France, with an eight year stint at Eurofinance.

Contact us:   EUROECONOMICS                       Tel: 44 (0) 1588 676 107
                    Cheney Longville                           
e-mail: euroeconomics@btconnect.com
                    Shropshire
                    SY7 8DR
                    United Kingdom
 


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